The Role of Green Hydrogen in the Energy Transition

 



Abstract:

This chapter addresses and reviews the definition and role of green hydrogen (GH2) in transitioning to climate-neutral economies. It also determines the main challenges and barriers to reaching a low-net-zero emission platform by GH2 and its advantages as an economically sustainable energy resource. In the following, the role of taxes and penalties on available technologies is surveyed to answer how they can lead to a low-net-zero emission concept. 
Nowadays, we are experiencing a growing concern about the climate change and the need to seek cleaner and more sustainable sources of energy. In this context, the green hydrogen has emerged as a promising alternative to reduce carbon emissions and achieve a transition towards a more sustainable energy system.
We will explore the importance of green hydrogen producing countries in this energy transition and how their participation can make a difference in the fight against climate change. We will analyze the advantages and challenges of energy production. green hydrogen, as well as the economic and environmental benefits that this can bring. In addition, we will examine the key role that these countries can play in creating a global network of production, storage and distribution of green hydrogen to ensure its large-scale adoption.
The Global Clean Energy Transition: Green Hydrogen:

Zero-carbon sources now account for more than 40 percent of global energy generation capacity, according to a BNEF analysis released this week. Green hydrogen could be the missing piece to total dominance for the renewable energy sector.

Zero-carbon sources now account for more than 40 percent of global energy generation capacity, according to a BNEF analysis released this week. A stunning 91 percent of all new power capacity added in 2023 came from solar and wind, compared to only 6 percent from fossil fuels, according to the research.

BNEF’s Power Transition Trends report gathers data from more than 140 markets to track energy trends globally. China is far and away ahead of the pack in renewable energy deployment, consistent with its fast-paced record on wind and solar development over the past 10 years. “The U.S., Brazil, Canada and India rounded out the top five, which accounted for 60 percent of the world’s renewable generation last year,”
Green hydrogen producing countries play a key role in the energy transition:
Green hydrogen has become one of the most promising solutions to address the energy transition and combat climate change. This type of hydrogen is produced through the electrolysis of water using renewable energy, making it a clean and sustainable source of energy.
In this context, the producing countries green hydrogen play a key role in accelerating the global energy transition. These countries are characterized by having abundant renewable energy generation capacity, such as solar and wind, which are necessary to produce green hydrogen efficiently and on a large scale.

Move to renewables will change global structures:

To pull off this trick, we will need a second important component: trust. Why? Because a sustainable energy system based on renewables will massively change the political structures of the world. Something that may be good for the global climate could lead to serious geopolitical upheavals and this issue must be discussed openly and honestly.
According to a study in Energy Research & Social Science, the United States and China are well positioned. Both are endowed with abundant natural resources and play an important role as producers of energy technology. Moreover, each has ample potential to produce the large quantities of hydrogen they will need.




Outlook: The Future of Green Hydrogen:

Green hydrogen has the potential to play a vital role in the global transition towards sustainable energy, particularly in hard-to-abate sectors such as heavy industry and transportation. Scaling up green hydrogen plants and optimizing hydrogen-based steel production processes can drive rapid cost reduction, but meanwhile, production costs remain a challenge, as does the need for infrastructure adaptation.  Despite these challenges, the promise of green hydrogen is significant, and its potential to reduce carbon emissions in various sectors makes it a promising alternative to fossil fuels.


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